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13.
While the Peloponnesians were still mustering
at the Isthmus, or on the march before they invaded Attica, Pericles, son of
Xanthippus, one of the ten generals of the Athenians, finding that the
invasion was to take place, conceived the idea that Archidamus, who happened
to be his friend, might possibly pass by his estate without ravaging it.
This he might do, either from a personal wish to oblige him, or acting
under instructions from Lacedaemon for the purpose of creating a prejudice
against him, as had been before attempted in the demand for the expulsion of
the accursed family.
He accordingly took the precaution of announcing to the Athenians in the
assembly that, although Archidamus was his friend, yet this friendship
should not extend to the detriment of the state, and that in case the enemy
should make his houses and lands an exception to the rest and not pillage
them, he at once gave them up to be public property, so that they should not
bring him into suspicion.
[2]
He also gave the citizens some advice on their present affairs in the same
strain as before.
They were to prepare for the war, and to carry in their property from the
country.
They were not to go out to battle, but to come into the city and guard it,
and get ready their fleet, in which their real strength lay.
They were also to keep a tight rein on their allies—the strength
of Athens being derived from the money brought in by their payments, and
success in war depending principally upon conduct and capital.
[3]
Here they had no reason to despond.
Apart from other sources of income, an average revenue of six hundred
talents of silver was drawn from the tribute of the allies; and there were still six thousand talents of coined silver in the
Acropolis, out of nine thousand seven hundred that had once been there, from
which the money had been taken for the porch of the Acropolis, the other
public buildings, and for Potidaea.
[4]
This did not include the uncoined gold and silver in public and private
offerings, the sacred vessels for the processions and games, the Median
spoils, and similar resources to the amount of five hundred talents.
[5]
To this he added the treasures of the other temples.
These were by no means inconsiderable, and might fairly be used.
Nay, if they were ever absolutely driven to it, they might take even the
gold ornaments of Athena herself; for the statue contained forty talents of pure gold and it was all
removable.
This might be used for self-preservation, and must every penny of it be
restored.
[6]
Such was their financial position—surely a satisfactory one.
Then they had an army of thirteen thousand heavy infantry, besides sixteen
thousand more in the garrisons and on home duty at Athens.
[7]
This was at first the number of men on guard in the event of an invasion:
it was composed of the oldest and youngest levies and the resident aliens
who had heavy armor.
The Phaleric wall ran for four miles, before it joined that round the city; and of this last nearly five had a guard, although part of it was left
without one, viz. that between the Long Wall and the Phaleric.
Then there were the Long Walls to Piraeus, a distance of some four miles
and a half, the outer of which was manned.
Lastly, the circumference of Piraeus with Munychia was nearly seven miles
and a half; only half of this, however, was guarded.
[8]
Pericles also showed them that they had twelve hundred horse including
mounted archers, with sixteen hundred archers unmounted, and three hundred
galleys fit for service.
[9]
Such were the resources of Athens in the different departments when the
Peloponnesian invasion was impending and hostilities were being commenced.
Pericles also urged his usual arguments for expecting a favorable issue to
the war.
Thucydides. The Peloponnesian War. London, J. M. Dent; New York, E. P. Dutton. 1910.
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References (114 total)
- Commentary references to this page
(28):
- Sir Richard C. Jebb, Commentary on Sophocles: Philoctetes, 961
- W. W. How, J. Wells, A Commentary on Herodotus, 9.22
- W. W. How, J. Wells, A Commentary on Herodotus, 9.28
- E.C. Marchant, Commentary on Thucydides: Book 2, 2.2
- E.C. Marchant, Commentary on Thucydides: Book 2, 2.31
- E.C. Marchant, Commentary on Thucydides: Book 2, 2.5
- E.C. Marchant, Commentary on Thucydides: Book 3, 3.17
- E.C. Marchant, Commentary on Thucydides: Book 3, 3.21
- E.C. Marchant, Commentary on Thucydides: Book 3, 3.23
- E.C. Marchant, Commentary on Thucydides: Book 3, 3.39
- E.C. Marchant, Commentary on Thucydides: Book 6, 6.6
- E.C. Marchant, Commentary on Thucydides: Book 6, 6.93
- E.C. Marchant, Commentary on Thucydides: Book 6, 6.94
- E.C. Marchant, Commentary on Thucydides: Book 7, 7.2
- E.C. Marchant, Commentary on Thucydides: Book 7, 7.28
- E.C. Marchant, Commentary on Thucydides: Book 7, 7.35
- E.C. Marchant, Commentary on Thucydides: Book 7, 7.48
- E.C. Marchant, Commentary on Thucydides: Book 7, 7.51
- T. G. Tucker, Commentary on Thucydides: Book 8, 8.18
- T. G. Tucker, Commentary on Thucydides: Book 8, 8.45
- C.E. Graves, Commentary on Thucydides: Book 4, CHAPTER XXXVIII
- C.E. Graves, Commentary on Thucydides: Book 4, CHAPTER LXIX
- C.E. Graves, Commentary on Thucydides: Book 4, CHAPTER XC
- C.E. Graves, Commentary on Thucydides: Book 5, 5.14
- C.E. Graves, Commentary on Thucydides: Book 5, 5.18
- C.E. Graves, Commentary on Thucydides: Book 5, 5.24
- C.E. Graves, Commentary on Thucydides: Book 5, 5.64
- E.C. Marchant, Commentary on Thucydides Book 1, 1.63
- Cross-references to this page
(26):
- Herbert Weir Smyth, A Greek Grammar for Colleges, THE CASES
- Herbert Weir Smyth, A Greek Grammar for Colleges, PREPOSITIONS
- Herbert Weir Smyth, A Greek Grammar for Colleges, THE PARTICIPLE
- Raphael Kühner, Bernhard Gerth, Ausführliche Grammatik der griechischen Sprache, KG 1.3.2
- Raphael Kühner, Bernhard Gerth, Ausführliche Grammatik der griechischen Sprache, KG 3.2.2
- Raphael Kühner, Bernhard Gerth, Ausführliche Grammatik der griechischen Sprache, KG 3.5.3
- Raphael Kühner, Bernhard Gerth, Ausführliche Grammatik der griechischen Sprache, KG 3.6.1
- Raphael Kühner, Bernhard Gerth, Ausführliche Grammatik der griechischen Sprache, KG 3.pos=7.1
- Jeffrey A. Rydberg-Cox, Overview of Greek Syntax, Nouns, Adjectives, and Pronouns
- A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities (1890), CI´VITAS
- A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities (1890), EXE´RCITUS
- A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities (1890), HOSPI´TIUM
- A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities (1890), METOECUS
- A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities (1890), PHOROS
- A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities (1890), STRATE´GUS
- A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities (1890), TA´MIAS
- Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography (1854), ACHARNAE
- Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography (1854), ATHE´NAE
- Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography (1854), ROMA
- William Watson Goodwin, Syntax of the Moods and Tenses of the Greek Verb, Chapter II
- William Watson Goodwin, Syntax of the Moods and Tenses of the Greek Verb, Chapter IV
- William Watson Goodwin, Syntax of the Moods and Tenses of the Greek Verb, Chapter V
- William Watson Goodwin, Syntax of the Moods and Tenses of the Greek Verb, Chapter VI
- Sir Richard C. Jebb, Selections from the Attic Orators, 8.126
- Smith's Bio, Pericles
- Smith's Bio, Phei'dias
- Cross-references in notes to this page
(6):
- Andocides, On the Peace, Andoc. 3 9
- Herodotus, The Histories, Hdt. 1.98
- Isocrates, Panegyricus, Isoc. 4 107
- Isocrates, On the Peace, Isoc. 8 86
- Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War, Thuc. 7.28
- Plutarch, Aristides, Plut. Arist. 24
- Cross-references in general dictionaries to this page
(54):
- LSJ, Μουνυ^χία
- LSJ, δημόσιος
- LSJ, ἅπα_ς
- LSJ, ἄπεφθος
- LSJ, ἄσημος
- LSJ, ἀφίημι
- LSJ, ἀφύλ-ακτος
- LSJ, ἀγρός
- LSJ, ἀκρό-πολις
- LSJ, ἀντικαθίστημι
- LSJ, ἀπόδειξις
- LSJ, ἀποδέω
- LSJ, ἀργύριον
- LSJ, ξένος
- LSJ, διά
- LSJ, ἑξα^κισ-χίλιοι
- LSJ, ἔπαλξ-ις
- LSJ, ἐξέργω
- LSJ, ἐπί-σημος
- LSJ, εἰμί
- LSJ, εἰσκομ-ίζω
- LSJ, φάληρον
- LSJ, ἱππο-τοξότης
- LSJ, ἰσχ-ύω
- LSJ, κύκλος
- LSJ, μέτοικος
- LSJ, μή
- LSJ, μὴ οὐ
- LSJ, μὴπολλάκις
- LSJ, ὅς
- LSJ, ὅτι^
- LSJ, ὄβρυζ-ος
- LSJ, οὗ
- LSJ, παραιν-έω
- LSJ, περίκειμαι
- LSJ, περιαιρ-ετός
- LSJ, περιουσί-α
- LSJ, πλώ-ι^μος
- LSJ, πολλάκις
- LSJ, πολύς
- LSJ, πρόσειμι
- LSJ, προα^γορ-εύω
- LSJ, προπύλ-αιος
- LSJ, σκεῦος
- LSJ, σκῦλον
- LSJ, σταθμός
- LSJ, σύν
- LSJ, τεῖχος
- LSJ, τηρ-έω
- LSJ, ὑποτοπ-έω
- LSJ, ὑπ-οψία
- LSJ, χείρ
- LSJ, χρυ_σίον
- LSJ, χωρίς
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