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Ἀπὸ ποίου πρώτου στοιχείου ἤρξατο κοσμοποιεῖν ὁ θεός.

οἱ φυσικοὶ ἀπὸ γῆς ἄρξασθαί φασι τὴν γένεσιν τοῦ κόσμου καθάπερ ἀπὸ κέντρου: ἀρχὴ δὲ σφαίρας τὸ κέντρον.

Πυθαγόρας ἀπὸ πυρὸς καὶ τοῦ πέμπτου στοιχείου.

Ἐμπεδοκλῆς τὸν μὲν αἰθέρα πρῶτον διακριθῆναι, δεύτερον δὲ τὸ πῦρ, ἐφ᾽ ᾧ τὴν γῆν, ἐξ ἧς ἄγαν περισφιγγομένης τῇ ῥύμῃ τῆς περιφορᾶς ἀναβλύσαι τὸ ὕδωρ ἐξ οὗ ἀναθυμιαθῆναι τὸν ἀέρα καὶ γενέσθαι τὸν μὲν οὐρανὸν ἐκ τοῦ αἰθέρος τὸν [p. 300] δ᾽ ἥλιον ἐκ τοῦ πυρός, πιληθῆναι δ᾽ ἐκ τῶν ἄλλων τὰ περίγεια.

Πλάτων ὁρατὸν τὸν κόσμον γεγονέναι πρὸς παράδειγμα τοῦ νοητοῦ κόσμου: τοῦ δ᾽ ὁρατοῦ κόσμου προτέραν μὲν εἶναι τὴν ψυχήν, μετὰ δὲ ταύτην τὸ σωματοειδὲς τὸ ἐκ πυρὸς μὲν καὶ γῆς πρῶτον ὕδατος δὲ καὶ ἀέρος δεύτερον.

Πυθαγόρας, πέντε σχημάτων ὄντων στερεῶν, ἅπερ καλεῖται καὶ μαθηματικά, ἐκ μὲν τοῦ κύβου φησὶ γεγονέναι τὴν γῆν, ἐκ δὲ τῆς πυραμίδος τὸ πῦρ , ἐκ δὲ τοῦ ὀκταέδρου τὸν ἀέρα, ἐκ δὲ τοῦ εἰκοσαέδρου τὸ ὕδωρ, ἐκ δὲ τοῦ δωδεκαέδρου τὴν τοῦ παντὸς σφαῖραν.

Πλάτων δὲ καὶ ἐν τούτοις πυθαγορίζει.

Plutarch. Moralia. Gregorius N. Bernardakis. Leipzig. Teubner. 1893. 5.

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