Brasĭdas
(
Βρασίδας). The most distinguished Spartan in the first
part of the
Peloponnesian War (q.v.). In
B.C. 424, at the head of a small force, having effected a dexterous march through the hostile
country of Thessaly, he gained possession of many of the cities in Macedonia that were subject
to Athens; his greatest acquisition was Amphipolis. In 422, with only a handful of helots and
mercenary troops, he gained a brilliant victory over Cleon, who had been sent with a powerful
Athenian force to recover Amphipolis. Brasidas was slain in the battle. He was buried within
the city, and the inhabitants honoured him as a hero by yearly sacrifices and by games.
Thucydides praises alike the eloquence and the liberality and wisdom of Brasidas, and Plato
compares him to Achilles.