I.labor, toil, exertion (cf.: contentio, opera).
I. Lit.: “ut ingenium est omnium Hominum a labore proclive ad libidinem,” Ter. And. 1, 1, 51: “haud existimans quanto labore partum,” id. Phorm. 1, 1, 12: “interest aliquid inter laborem et dolorem: sunt finitima omnino, sed tamen differt aliquid. Labor est functio quaedam vel animi vel corporis, gravioris operis et muneris: dolor autem motus asper in corpore alienus a sensibus,” Cic. Tusc. 2, 15, 35: “corporis,” id. Cael. 17, 39: “res est magni laboris,” id. de Or. 1, 33, 150: “laborem sibi sumere et alteri imponere,” id. Mur. 18, 38: “sumptum et laborem insumere in rem aliquam,” id. Inv. 2, 38, 113; cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 98, § 227: “multum operae laborisque consumere,” id. de Or. 1, 55, 234: “laborem sustinere,” id. Att. 1, 17, 6: “exantlare,” id. Ac. 2, 34, 108: “suscipere,” id. Opt. Gen. Or. 5, 13: “subire,” id. Att. 3, 15, 7: “capere,” id. Rosc. Com. 16, 49: “labores magnos excipere,” id. Brut. 69, 243: “se in magnis laboribus exercere,” id. Arch. 11, 28: “summi laboris esse,” capable of great exertion, Caes. B. G. 4, 2, 2: “laborem levare alicui,” Cic. Or. 34, 120: “detrahere,” id. Fam. 3, 6, 5: “ex labore se reficere,” Caes. B. G. 3, 5; 5, 11: “victus suppeditabatur sine labore,” Cic. Sest. 48, 103: “non est quod existumes, ullam esse sine labore virtutem,” Sen. Vit. Beat. 25, 5; Suet. Ner. 52; Quint. 2, 12, 12; cf.: “nullo labore,” Cic. Dom. 34, 91; id. Sest. 40, 87; id. Tusc. 2, 22, 51: “quantum meruit labor,” Juv. 7, 216: “reddere sua dona labori,” id. 16, 57: “numerenter labores,” be valued, id. 9, 42.—
B. In partic.
1. Pregn., drudgery, hardship, fatigue, distress, trouble, pain, suffering (mostly poet. and late Lat.; syn. aerumna): decet id pati animo aequo; “si id facietis, levior labos erit,” Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 2: “propter meum caput labores homini evenisse optumo,” id. ib. 5, 1, 25: “cum labore magno et misere vivere,” id. Aul. prol. 14; id. Ps. 2, 4, 2: “hoc evenit in labore atque in dolore,” id. ib. 2, 3, 20: “vel in labore meo vel in honore,” Cic. Fam. 15, 18: “Iliacos audire labores,” Verg. A. 4, 78: “mox et frumentis labor additus, ut mala culmos Esset rubigo,” id. G. 1, 150: “belli labores,” id. A. 11, 126; cf. id. ib. 2, 619; “12, 727: labor militiae,” Juv. 16, 52: “castrorum labores,” id. 14, 198: “Lucinae labores,” Verg. G. 4, 340: “cor de labore pectus tundit,” Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 63: “hoc medicamentum sine magno labore cadere cogit haemorrhoidas,” Scrib. 227: “litterarius, = opus,” Aug. Conf. 9, 2; “id. cont. Jul. 6, 21: meos labores legere,” id. de Don. Pers. 68.—Of sickness: valetudo crescit, accrescit labor. Plaut. Curc. 2, 1, 4: “sulphurosi fontes labores nervorum reficiunt,” Vitr. 8, 3, 4.—Of danger: “maximus autem earum (apium) labor est initio veris,” Col. 9, 13, 2.—Prov.: “jucundi acti labores,” Cic. Fin. 2, 32, 105: “suavis laborum est praeteritorum memoria,” id. ib.—
2. Poet.
a. Labores solis, eclipses of the sun, Verg. A. 1, 742 Forbig. ad loc.; so, “defectus solis varios lunaeque labores,” id. G. 1, 478; Sil. 14, 378. —
b. Of plants: “hunc laborem perferre,” i. e. growth, Verg. G. 2, 343.—
3. Personified: Lăbos , toil, in the lower world, Verg. A. 6, 277.—
II. Meton., of the products of labor.
a. Work, workmanship of an artist (poet.): “operum,” Verg. A. 1, 455: “hic labor ille domūs,” id. ib. 6, 27: “nec non Polycleti multus ubique labor,” Juv. 8, 104. —
b. Of cultivated plants, crops, etc.: “ruit arduus aether et pluvia ingenti sata laeta boumque labores Diluit,” Verg. G. 1, 325; cf.: “haec cum sint hominumque boumque labores,” id. ib. 1, 118: Juppiter Grandine dilapidans hominumque boumque labores, Col. poët. 10, 330; Verg. A. 2, 284; 306.—
c. Labores uteri, i. e. children, Claud. Rapt. Pros. 1, 193.