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and all but one below its course. The Concord River at North Billerica crossed it at grade and being at its highest level, would supply it in either direction with water. Here, in the seventeenth century, a mill was erected and thither came the colonists with their corn to be ground. Later woolen mills were established, but the ancient terms of the grant required the maintenance of the grist mill; which requirement the canal company carried out, strengthening and making tighter the dam in 1798, and thirty years later, building the present stone dam. This still holds the flood of water, and supplies power to the great factories of the Talbot and the Faulkner companies. Over all the other streams the canal had to be carried and due regard paid to their changeful moods. A brook that in summer is insignificant, in spring may assume threatening proportions, or carry destruction in its track. Some were but slightly lower; while the Shawsheen was spanned by a wooden aqueduct one hund
d, the infant referred to by Mr. Eddy in 1827, though now ('41) but six years old, and weak in its facilities compared with the present, was a lusty, growing youngster, and if not swallowing the canal itself, was swallowing its income and prospects by the rapidity of its own transit and continuous service. A few years of plucky but profitless competition, and the regular operation of the canal was discontinued by vote of its directors. The last boat passed through the lock at Billerica in 1852, and the waters of the Concord flowed on toward the Merrimack as of old; while that in the various levels found its way out, saving here and there a portion into which the surrounding territory drained. The land it occupied, sold at auction or otherwise, soon underwent a radical change in some sections, by the leveling of the embankments, filling of the watercourses, and the removal of bridges and locks. In Medford, Summer (first called Middlesex street), and Boston avenue mark its course,
rner, Grove St. John Howe, Chairman. Voted that said report be accepted and recorded & the streets therein mentioned be hereafter known by the names therein written. The above is the first record of street names, and includes all public roads then in existence in Medford. Prior to 1829, High street had been known as the road to Woburn or road to Menotomy. The bridge at the Weirs then connected Medford with Charlestown that section of Arlington not being set off to West Cambridge till 1842. Charlestown was also Medford's next neighbor on the south, Somerville being a part of that town until March 3, 1842. The road now called Medford street (the name being adopted because it is an extension of the street of that name in Somerville) was the direct road to Lechmere Point, East Cambridge, and was called Court street, as it was used especially when the inhabitants of Medford had occasion to go to the County Court House, which stood then, as now, very near the historic spot wh
the river, near Cross street to the Charlestown Wood Lots, now Middlesex Fells; the course from Salem street to the river is not positively known. In 1836, after the death of Mrs. Sarah Fulton, Medford Historical Register, Vol. 1, Page 53. who lived for nearly forty years on a lonely farm at the top of Kidders' hill, above the present Fellsway West, the street was renamed in her honor. The house where Benjamin Tufts lived, on the northeast corner of Fulton and Salem streets, is standing [1904] and within a comparatively few years was occupied by his family. The burying ground on Cross street, new in 1829, has within its crowded boundaries the dust of many of the ship building mechanics who were laid to rest within hearing of the Sound of hammers, blow on blow Knocking away the shores and spurs. Furness' corner is now officially named Winthrop square. The Furness homestead was the old home of Parson Turell, and after the Furness family left, it was owned and occupied by Jo
one-half for luggage boats, while three miles was the limit at which the passage boats might proceed. Of these latter there were but two, and for a time only one was needed, so little did people journey a century ago. All boats were limited by the Rules, to within a certain size, this made requisite by the locks, while the rafts of logs bound for the ship-yards of Medford, were towed in bands and passed the locks singly. Steam navigation had become an assured fact on the Hudson river in 1807, one year before Mr. Sullivan took charge of the canal, but years before the canal went into operation a steamboat was successfully operated upon the Connecticut river, and its owner and inventor was interviewed by Fulton, who, it seems, only made successful application of the inventions of John Fitch in Delaware and Samuel Morey in New Hampshire, assisted by the wealth of Livingston. Morey, to his dying day, complained bitterly of their treatment of him, saying that the cusses had stolen hi
t north of the lock, and was built before the one at Wilmington, which was its counterpart. There was, however, on the spot an older building, which formed its ell, this shown by the difference in material and construction. The addition, made in 1830, was upon the front, and contained a large dining room, and across the entrance hall was the barroom, where the boatmen indulged in rum and molasses, popularly known as black strap. Two noble elms shaded the house and were sacrificed in the build of the avenue in ‘73. In the spring of ‘89 the tavern was removed to the bank of the river, remodeled into tenements, and now stands at the end of Canal street. With strengthened faith in the permanence of the canal, the company built during 1830 a new aqueduct across the Aberjona, then in Medford. The old wooden structure, one hundred and eighty feet long, that had been repeatedly repaired, was so narrow as to allow no boats to pass each other in its limits, often causing delay. The sub
e field near by, covered with the accumulated moss of more than forty years. Some fifty bridges spanned the canal, part of which were for the highways; the rest were to connect private property divided by the canal. They were built with abutments of boulders and floors of wood, and the latter were known as accommodation bridges. A notable exception to the general construction was and is the one near High street at West Medford. This was built at Mr. Peter C. Brooks' expense, at about 1820. The engineer who designed it was George Rumford Baldwin (son of Col. B.), and it is a fitting monument to his skill, as well as a gravestone to mark where the highway of the waters is buried. The towpath in summer became a favorite walk out from Boston and from the several villages, a veritable Lovers' Lane, and some of the taverns were noted as the resort of pleasure parties, notably the one at Horn Pond in Woburn. In the winter the pleasure seekers forsook the path, for with the closing
en though assisted by these fortuitous wheels of chance. Such were the difficulties with which this eighteenth century enterprise had to contend in the early years of its nineteenth century history. Nor were these all. With the exception of the guard locks at Billerica and Chelmsford, which, of hammered granite, were equalled by nothing then in our country, the various locks and aqueducts were constructed of wood, and necessarily perishable. The aqueduct at Shawsheen river was renewed in 1817, at an expense of $7,646.86 (about one-fourth of the net receipts of the previous year), and an additional loss entailed by the suspension of business for six weeks. When we recall that business was entirely cut off by the ice of winter, it will be readily seen that these were expensive repairs, and such repairs delayed the payment of dividends. In the year 1808, both the president, who was then the governor of Massachusetts, and the agent, Col. Baldwin, died, and the outlook for the futur
e 1678 Goodman: Hall Jr by money:0-15-0 Tho: willows in money0-07-6 Goodman: whitcomb & Daniell woodward0-05-0 mr Nathaniel wade0-05-0 Steven willows0-02-6 Jno. whitmore0-2-6 peter Tuft0.02-6 Goodman ffillebrowne0-05-0 John Bradfho0-02-6 —— 17-6 Strangers in Medford, (continued from Vol. 6, no. 4). Names.From. Date.Warned out.Remarks. Goldthwait, Benjamin Major. Tavern keeper.Boston, June 2, 1760Tenant of Col. Royall.   Charity (wife)   Children Gould, AbrahamMar. court, 1758Servant of Benj. Peirce. Gould, ElizabethReading, April 12, 1762In house of Nathan Tufts. Gray, John, and familyDec. 28, 1750 Green, Francis (?)Aug. 31, 1797 Green, IsaacApr. 16, 1784(Wife and family.) Greenleaf, Stephen   Maria (wife)Brookline, Mayor June, 1764Dec. 3, 1764 Greenough, Andrew (Hall?)Boston, September, 1769Oct. 8, 1770In family of Andrew Hall. Greenough, JohnJan. 30, 1791 Hadley, AbigailStoneham, Aug. 23, 1766In family of Widow Sarah Connory. Hadley, Dav
d that said report be accepted and recorded & the streets therein mentioned be hereafter known by the names therein written. The above is the first record of street names, and includes all public roads then in existence in Medford. Prior to 1829, High street had been known as the road to Woburn or road to Menotomy. The bridge at the Weirs then connected Medford with Charlestown that section of Arlington not being set off to West Cambridge till 1842. Charlestown was also Medford's nextt was renamed in her honor. The house where Benjamin Tufts lived, on the northeast corner of Fulton and Salem streets, is standing [1904] and within a comparatively few years was occupied by his family. The burying ground on Cross street, new in 1829, has within its crowded boundaries the dust of many of the ship building mechanics who were laid to rest within hearing of the Sound of hammers, blow on blow Knocking away the shores and spurs. Furness' corner is now officially named Winth
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