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t "eminent" (di=oi/ te *Fi/lippoi, "nobiles Philippi") ; but of their country, works, or age, except that they lived long before (pa/ros, "olim") Matron himself, who cannot be placed later than the time of Philip king of Macedon, nothing is known. Philippus PRESBYTER. 22. PRESBYTER. Gennadius (De Viris Illustrib. 100.62) states that Philip the Presbyter was a disciple of Jerome, and that he died in the reign of Marcian and Avitus over the Eastern and Western Empires respectively, i.e. A. D. 456. [AVITUS ; MARCIANUS.] Works He wrote, 1. Commentarius in Jobum 2. Familiares Epistolae Of these, Genadius, who had read them, speaks highly. These Epistolae have perished. Commentarius in Jobum Editions A Commentarius in Jobum addressed to Nectarius has been several times printed, sometimes separately under the name of Philip (two editions, fol. and 4to. Basel, 1527), and sometimes under the name and among the works of Venerable Bede and of Jerome. Vallarsius and the Benedictine
d became a voluminous writer. At what period of his life his different works were produced is not known. His Ecclesiastical History was, as we shall see, written after his disappointment in obtaining the patriarchate : but as his being a candidate for that high office seems to imply some previous celebrity, it may be inferred that his work or works in reply to the emperor Julian's attacks on Christianity were written at an earlier period. On the death of Atticus patriarch of Constantinople A. D. 425 [ATTICUS] Philip, then a presbyter, apparently of the great church of Constantinople, and Proclus, another presbyter, were proposed, each by his own partizans, as candidates for the vacant see; but the whole people were bent upon the election of Sisinnius, also a presbyter, though not of Constantinople, but of a church in Elaea, one of the suburbs. (Socrates, H. E. 7.26.) The statement of Socrates as to the unanimity of the popular wish leads to the inference that the supporters of Philip
e work was very large, consisting of thirty-six *Bi/bloi or *Bibli/a. Libri, each subdivided into twenty-four to/moi or lo/goi, i. e. sections. This voluminous work appears to have comprehended both sacred and ecclesiastical history, beginning from the Creation, and coming down to Philip's own day, as appears by his record of the election of Sisinnius, already noticed. It appears to have been finished not very long after that event. Theophanes places its completion in A. M. 5922, Alex. era=A. D. 430; which, according to him, was the year before the death of Sisinnius. That the work was completed before the death of Sisinnius is probable from the apparent silence of Philip as to his subsequent disappointments in obtaining the patriarchate : but as Sisinnius, according to a more exact chronology, died A. D. 428, we may conclude that the work was finished in or before that year, and, consequently, that the date assigned by Theophanes is rather too late. The style was verbose and wearisom
the first half of the fifth century. His birth must be placed in the latter part of the fourth century, but its exact date is not known. He was a native of Side in Pamphylia, and according to his own account in the fragment published by Dodwell (see below), when Rhodon, who succeeded Didymus in the charge of the Catechetical school of Alexandria, transferred that school to Side, Philip became one of his pupils. If we suppose Didymus to have retained the charge of the school till his death, A. D. 396 [DIDYMUS, No. 4], at the advanced age of 86, the removal of the school cannot have taken place long before the close of the century, and we may infer that Philip's birth could scarcely have been earlier than A. D. 380. He was a kinsman of Troilus of Side, the rhetorician, who was tutor to Socrates the ecclesiastical historic, and was indeed so eminent that Philip regarded his relationship to him as a subject of exultation (Socrates, H. E. 7.27). Having entered the church, he was ordained
gment published by Dodwell (see below), when Rhodon, who succeeded Didymus in the charge of the Catechetical school of Alexandria, transferred that school to Side, Philip became one of his pupils. If we suppose Didymus to have retained the charge of the school till his death, A. D. 396 [DIDYMUS, No. 4], at the advanced age of 86, the removal of the school cannot have taken place long before the close of the century, and we may infer that Philip's birth could scarcely have been earlier than A. D. 380. He was a kinsman of Troilus of Side, the rhetorician, who was tutor to Socrates the ecclesiastical historic, and was indeed so eminent that Philip regarded his relationship to him as a subject of exultation (Socrates, H. E. 7.27). Having entered the church, he was ordained deacon, and had much intercourse with Chrysostom; in the titles of some MSS. he is styled his Syncellns, or personal attendant, which makes it probable that he was, from the early part of his ecclesiastical career, con
d ad libitum. Philip wrote also :-- 2. *Tw=| kata\ pneu=ma ui(w=| kai\ i(erei= *Kwnstanti/nw| peri\ presbei/as kai\ prostasi/as a)po/logous, Epistola Apologetica ad Constantianum Filium Spiritualem et Sacerdotem, de Differantia inter Intercessionem et Auxilium Sanctorum. 3. Versus Politici in the beginning of which he states with great exactness the time of his finishing the Dioptra, 12th May, A. M. 6603, era Constantinop. in the third indiction, in the tenth year of the lunar Cycle=A. D. 1095, not 1105, as has been incorrectly stated. Other works Cave has, without sufficient authority, ascribed to our Philip two other works, which are indeed given in a Vienna MS. (Codex 213, apud Lambec.) as Appendices to the Dioptra. One of these works (Appendix secunda), *(/Oti ou)k e)/fage to\ nomiko\n pa/sxa o( *Xristo\s e)n tw=| dei/pnw|, a)lla\ to\ a)lhqino/n, Demonstratio quod Christus in Sacra Coena non legale sed verum comederit Pascha, may have been written by Philip. Its arguments
Ecclesiastical History such severe strictures on the election of his more fortunate rival, that Socrates could not venture to transcribe his remarks; and has expressed his strong disapproval of his headstrong temper. On the death of Sisinnius (A. D. 428) the supporters of Philip were again desirous of his appointment, but the emperor, to prevent disturbances, determined that no ecclesiastic of Constantinople should succeed to the vacancy; and the ill-fated heresiarch Nestorius [NESTORIUS], frosinnius. That the work was completed before the death of Sisinnius is probable from the apparent silence of Philip as to his subsequent disappointments in obtaining the patriarchate : but as Sisinnius, according to a more exact chronology, died A. D. 428, we may conclude that the work was finished in or before that year, and, consequently, that the date assigned by Theophanes is rather too late. The style was verbose and wearisome, neither polished nor agreeable; and the matter such as to displ
ogue between the soul and the body. It is addressed to another monk, Callinicus ; and begins with these two lines :-- pw=s ka/qh|; pw=s a)merimnei=s; pw=s a)melwi=s, yuxh/ mou ; o( xro/nos sou peplh/rwtai : e)/celqe tou= sarki/ou. The work, in its complete state, consisted of five books; but most of the MSS. are mutilated or otherwise defective, and want the first book. Some of them have been interpolated by a later hand. Michael Psellus, not the older writer of that name, who died about A. D. 1078, but one of later date, wrote a preface and notes to the Dioptra of Philip. Editions A Latin prose translation of the Dioptra by the Jesuit Jacobus Pontanus, with notes, by another Jesuit, Jacobus Gretserus, was published, 4to. Ingoldstadt, 1604; but it was made from a mutilated copy, and consisted of only four books, and these, as the translator admits in his Praefatio ad Lectorem, interpolated and transposed ad libitum. Philip wrote also :-- 2. *Tw=| kata\ pneu=ma ui(w=| kai\ i(erei
h Herodian and lamblichus the Syrian [IAMBLICHUS, No. 1], as a pleasant writer of amatory tales, whose works tended to allure the mind to the pursuit of pleasure. All his works appear to be lost. (Suidas ll. cc. ; Theodor. Priscian. l.c.; Fabric. BBL. Graec. vol. viii. pp. 159, 160; Vossius, De Hist. Graec. lib. iii.) Philippus 3. APOSTOLUS. [No. 11.] Philippus 4. CAESARIENSIS SYNODI RELATOR. Works account of the council of Caesareia The account of the council of Caesareia, held A. D. 196, which (if indeed it be genuine) was written by Theophilus of Caesareia, who lived about that time [THEOPHILUS], was published by the Jesuit Bucherius, as the work of one Philippus; the editor being apparently misled by an error in the MS. used by him. Editions The Jesuit Bucherius published this work in his notes to the Canon Paschalis of Victories of Aquitania, fol. Antwerp, 1634. Further Information Fabric. Bibl. Gracec. vol. vii. p. 107; Cave, Hist. Litt. ad ann. 192, vol. i. p.
t, but the emperor, to prevent disturbances, determined that no ecclesiastic of Constantinople should succeed to the vacancy; and the ill-fated heresiarch Nestorius [NESTORIUS], from Antioch, was consequently chosen. After the deposition of Nestorius at the council of Ephesus (A. D. 431), Philip was a third time candidate for the patriarchate, but was again unsuccessful. Nothing is known of him after this. It has been conjectured that he was dead before the next vacancy in the patriarchate A. D. 434, when his old competitor Proclus was chosen. Certainly there is no notice that Philip was again a candidate : but the prompt decision of the emperor Theodosius in Proclus' favour prevented all competition, so that no inference can be drawn from Philip's quiescence. Works Philip wrote, 1. Multa volumina contra Imperatorem Julianum Apostam. (Liberatus, Breviar. 100.7; comp. Socrat. H. E. 7.27.) It is not clear from the expression of Liberatus, which we have given as the title, whether
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