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A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
consummate military skill, than by his masterly policy in reconciling the Britons to that yoke which hitherto they had so ill borne. He taught them the arts and luxuries of civilised life, to settle in towns, to build comfortable dwelling-houses and temples. He established a system of education for the sons of the British chiefs, amongst whom at last the Roman language was spoken, and the Roman toga worn as a fashionable dress. He was full seven years in Britain, from the year A. D. 78 to A. D. 84. The last conquest of his predecessor Julius Frontinus had been that of the Silures (South Wales); and the last action of Agricola's command was the action at the foot of the Grampian hills, which put him in possession of the whole of Britain as far north as the northern boundary of Perth and Argyle. His first campaign (A. D. 78) was occupied in the reconquest of Mona (Anglesea), and the Ordovices (North Wales), the strongholds of the Druids; and the remainder of this year, with the next, w
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Domitia'nus (search)
s cruelty and tyranny; for, during the latter years of his reign he acted as one of the most cruel tyrants that ever disgraced a throne, and as Suetonius remarks, his very virtues were turned into vices. The cause of this change in his conduct appears, independent of his natural bias for what was bad, to have been his boundless ambition, injured vanity, jealousy of others, and cowardice, which were awakened and roused by the failure of his undertakings and other occurrences of the time. In A. D. 84 he undertook an expedition against the Chatti, which does not seem to have been altogether unsuccessful, for we learn from Frontinus (Strateg. 1. 3), that he constructed the frontier wall between the free Germans and those who were subject to Rome, so that he must at any rate have succeeded in confining the barbarians within their own territory. After his return to Rome he celebrated a triumph, and assumed the name of Germanicus. In the same year Agricola, whose success and merits excited h
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
n the second to the battle itself and its results, those in the third to the forming and raising of sieges, while those in the fourth, or the Strategica, comprehend various topics connected with the internal discipline of an army and the duties of the commander. This compilation, which presents no particular attractions in style, and seems to have been formed without any very critical investigation of the authorities from which some of the stories are derived, must have been published about A. D. 84, soon after the return of Frontinus from Britain, for we find Domitian named more than once with the title of Germanicus, together with frequent allusions to the German war, but no notice whatsoever of the Dacian or other subsequent campaigns. Editions The Editio Princeps of the Strategematica was printed by Euch. Silber, 4to. Rom. 1487. The best editions are that of F. Oudendorp, 8vo. Lug. Bat. 1731, reprinted, with additions and corrections, by Con. Oudendorp, 8vo. Lug. Bat. 1779, and
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
D. 67, while, in reality, the individual indicated is in all probability C. Fonteius Capito, who was consul A. D. 12, since we know, from Statius, that Rutilius Gallicus (see 5.157) was actually city praefect under Domitian. Again, the contest between the inhabitants of Ombi and of Tentyra is said (15.27) to have happened " nuper consule Junio; " but even admitting this name to be correct, and the MSS. here vary much, we cannot tell whether we ought to fix upon Appius Junius Sabinus, consul A. D. 84, or upon Q. Junius Rusticus, consul A. D. 119. We have, however, fortunately evidence more precise. 1. We know from Dio Cassius (67.3) that Paris was killed in A. D. 83, upon suspicion of an intrigue with the empress Domitia. 2. The fourth satire, as appears from the concluding lines, was written after the death of Domitian, that is, not earlier than A. D. 96. 3. The first satire, as we learn from the forty-ninth line, was written after the condemnation of Marius Priscus, that is, not
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
Rufus, Ati'lius a man of consular rank, was governor of Syria during the reign of Domitian, and died just before the return of Agricola from Britain, A. D. 84. (Tac. Agric. 40.)